One of the earliest creeds Christians used to communicate a summary of the gospel is found in 1 Corinthians.

Now, brothers and sisters, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you, which you received and on which you have taken your stand.  By this gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain.  For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas, and then to the Twelve.

1 Corinthians 15:1-5

This creed emphasizes that Christ’s death and resurrection were “according to the Scriptures”.  There is no specific prophecy or verse in the Old Testament that tells us that Christ would one day die for our sins and then rise.  Instead, that idea is found throughout the Old Testament – in words, in pictures, and often in living parables.

After Jesus was raised, he explained his resurrection to his disciples:

He said to them, “This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.”  Then he opened their minds so they could understand the Scriptures. 

Luke 24:44-45 NIV